Special Characters
For example, to render Apple® the HTML source should read
Apple®
| If you want this... | Copy & Paste this... | here's what it means |
|---|---|---|
| – | – | en dash |
| — | — | em dash |
| ¡ | ¡ | inverted exclamation |
| ¿ | ¿ | inverted question mark |
| " | " | quotation mark |
| “ | “ | left double curly quote |
| ” | ” | right double curly quote |
| ‘ | ‘ | left single curly quote |
| ’ | ’ | right single curly quote |
| « » |
« » |
guillemets (used as quotation marks in some languages, e.g., French) |
| (It's there, but you can't see it) |
| non-breaking space |
| Symbols | ||
| & | & | ampersand |
| ¢ | ¢ | cent |
| © | © | copyright |
| ÷ | ÷ | divide |
| > | > | greater than |
| < | < | less than |
| µ | µ | micron |
| · | · | middle dot |
| ¶ | ¶ | pilcrow (paragraph sign) |
| ± | ± | plus/minus |
| € | € | Euro |
| £ | £ | British Pound Sterling |
| ® | ® | registered |
| § | § | section |
| ™ | ™ | trademark |
| ¥ | ¥ | Japanese Yen |
| Diacritics | ||
| á Á |
á Á |
lower-case "a" with acute accent upper-case "A" with acute accent |
| à À |
à À |
lower-case "a" with grave accent upper-case "A" with grave accent |
| â Â |
â Â |
lower-case "a" with circumflex upper-case "A" with circumflex |
| å Å |
å Å |
lower-case "a" with ring upper-case "A" with ring |
| ã Ã |
ã Ã |
lower-case "a" with tilde upper-case "A" with tilde |
| ä Ä |
ä Ä |
lower-case "a" with diaeresis/umlaut upper-case "A" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| æ Æ |
æ Æ |
lower-case "ae" ligature upper-case "AE" ligature |
| ç Ç |
ç Ç |
lower-case "c" with cedilla upper-case "C" with cedilla |
| é É |
é É |
lower-case "e" with acute accent upper-case "E" with acute accent |
| è È |
è È |
lower-case "e" with grave accent upper-case "E" with grave accent |
| ê Ê |
ê Ê |
lower-case "e" with circumflex upper-case "E" with circumflex |
| ë Ë |
ë Ë |
lower-case "e" with diaeresis/umlaut upper-case "E" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| í Í |
í Í |
lower-case "i" with acute accent upper-case "I" with acute accent |
| ì Ì |
ì Ì |
lower-case "i" with grave accent upper-case "I" with grave accent |
| î Î |
î Î |
lower-case "i" with circumflex upper-case "I" with circumflex |
| ï Ï |
ï Ï |
lower-case "i" with diaeresis/umlaut upper-case "I" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| ñ Ñ |
ñ Ñ |
lower-case "n" with tilde upper-case "N" with tilde |
| ó Ó |
ó Ó |
lower-case "o" with acute accent upper-case "O" with acute accent |
| ò Ò |
ò Ò |
lower-case "o" with grave accent upper-case "O" with grave accent |
| ô Ô |
ô Ô |
lower-case "o" with circumflex upper-case "O" with circumflex |
| ø Ø |
ø Ø |
lower-case "o" with slash upper-case "O" with slash |
| õ Õ |
õ Õ |
lower-case "o" with tilde upper-case "O" with tilde |
| ö Ö |
ö Ö |
lower-case "o" with diaeresis/umlaut upper-case "O" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| ß | ß | ess-tsett |
| ú Ú |
ú Ú |
lower-case "u" with acute accent upper-case "U" with acute accent |
| ù Ù |
ù Ù |
lower-case "u" with grave accent upper-case "U" with grave accent |
| û Û |
û Û |
lower-case "u" with circumflex upper-case "U" with circumflex |
| ü Ü |
ü Ü |
lower-case "u" with diaeresis/umlaut upper-case "U" with diaeresis/umlaut |
| ÿ | ÿ | lower-case "y" with diaeresis/umlaut |
Notes:
- The non-breaking space ( ) can be used not only to prevent the separation of words by line wraps, but also to force a space equal in size to a keyboard/spacebar space (useful for indentation or wider word separation) or to "hold" space in the empty cell of a table (as in the table above).
- The middle dot (·) can be used as a bullet and embedded anywhere in text.